Every public-record source that powers Fonteum.
Every fact Fonteum displays cites a source, a last-checked date, and a limitations sentence. This is the inventory — what each source is, what we use it for, and what it doesn’t mean.
21 sources currently registered. 3 are Tier-2 profile-enrichment (data appears on individual provider profiles when matched). 17 are Tier-1 research-only (data appears on /research aggregates only — never on individual profiles). 0 are pending a public-records request. 1 is first-party Fonteum Research.
Healthcare graph
Provider identity + Medicare-billing-active enrollment.
- Tier-2 · profile-enrichmentLive
CMS NPPES NPI Registry
Source:CMS NPPESChecked May 2026We match dermatology and chiropractic practice listings to NPPES records and surface the NPI, taxonomy code, taxonomy description, and NPI enumeration date on the profile. Each value carries source attribution + last-checked date + the §95 limitations sentence.
Read source page → - Tier-2 · profile-enrichmentLive
CMS PECOS Medicare Provider Enrollment
Source:CMS PECOSChecked May 2026We cross-reference NPPES-matched healthcare practices against PECOS to surface a Medicare-billing-active indicator on the profile, alongside the CMS provider type and enrollment state. The display module is gated to medical archetypes only.
Read source page →
Care quality graph
CMS facility quality data — nursing homes, home health, hospice, dialysis.
- Tier-1 · research-onlyLive
CMS Provider of Services (POS) File
Source:CMS POSSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #1: deterministic CCN identity backbone. Every cross-source join (Care Compare, PBJ, Deficiencies, LEIE, ownership) hangs off this CCN. Per Council #8-a/b LOCKED-C, POS QA gating is strict-serial for public joins — all cross-source rendering blocks until POS QA passes. Surface usage: brand-hub Care Compare modules + audit-pack export. Not surfaced on hero verticals.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyLive
CMS Care Compare — Home Health Care Agencies
Source:CMS Care Compare — HHSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #2: identity backbone for Home Health Agencies (POS QIES does not cover HH). Drives the brand-hub `/care-compare/home-health` module per Sprint 1 master spec Page 2. State-level rollups + per-agency pages ship in follow-on §sprint1-pdc-a-pages waves.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyLive
CMS Care Compare — Hospice General Information
Source:CMS Care Compare — HospiceSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #3: enrichment for hospice identity (POS QIES already covers hospices as PRVDR_CTGRY_CD=12; Care Compare adds ownership_type and cms_region). Drives the brand-hub `/care-compare/hospice` module per Sprint 1 master spec Page 3. The May 2026 Training-Family-to-Care measure removal is documented in the methodology MD; quality-measure ingestion is a follow-on wave.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyLive
CMS Care Compare — Dialysis Facility
Source:CMS Care Compare — DialysisSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #8: identity backbone for ESRD facilities (POS QIES doesn't cover dialysis). Drives the brand-hub `/care-compare/dialysis` module per Sprint 1 master spec Page 4. Chain-ownership concentration (~90% chain-owned) is doctrinally relevant journalism material.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyLive
CMS Care Compare — ASC Quality Measures (Facility)
Source:CMS Care Compare — ASCSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #9: identity backbone for ASC CCNs (POS QIES coverage incomplete). Deterministic NPI bridge (no NPPES fuzzy match needed) — match-confidence improvement vs other Care Compare datasets. Drives the brand-hub `/care-compare/asc` module per Sprint 1 master spec Page 5. ASC-12 (7-day risk-standardized hospital visit rate) is the headline quality measure.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
CMS Care Compare — Hospital General Information (data-only)
Source:CMS Care Compare — HospitalsSnapshot May 2026Audit-pack export continuum-completeness + cross-source resolver enrichment for hospital CCNs. Buyer pitch leverage rather than consumer SEO surface.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
CMS Care Compare — LTACH General Information (data-only)
Source:CMS Care Compare — LTACHSnapshot May 2026Audit-pack export continuum-completeness for post-acute care continuum (acute hospitals → LTACH → IRF → SNF → HH → Hospice).
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
CMS Care Compare — IRF General Information (data-only)
Source:CMS Care Compare — IRFSnapshot May 2026Audit-pack export continuum-completeness; IRF CCN distinction is doctrinally relevant for cross-source joins.
Read source page → - Tier-2 · profile-enrichmentResearch-only
CMS Care Compare
Source:CMS Care CompareChecked May 2026Today: four published research snapshots — nursing homes, home health, dialysis, hospice — plus the source pack staged for future Tier-2 facility pilots. CMS overall star ratings and component sub-ratings render only when a facility-level vertical launches; until then the data is research-only.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
CMS Payroll-Based Journal (PBJ) Daily Nurse Staffing
Source:CMS PBJSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #4 (per Council #8-a/b expansion). Drives the brand-hub `/staffing` editorial surface per master spec Page 7. Per-facility daily-granularity nurse-staffing — the only CMS dataset that exposes this layer at facility resolution.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
CMS SNF All Owners (PE / REIT / Chain Layer)
Source:CMS SNF All OwnersSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #5. Drives the brand-hub `/ownership` surface per master spec Page 8. Direct backbone for the published flagship study at /research/private-equity-nursing-home-ownership-analysis. Fonteum surfaces missingness via DataAvailabilityState: OWNERSHIP_PCT_MISSING — the gap is the data product.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
CMS NH Health Deficiencies (per-citation)
Source:CMS NH DeficienciesSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #6. Drives the brand-hub `/deficiencies` surface per master spec Page 9. Per-citation transparency layer; NH Penalties sub-join surfaces in audit-pack export only.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
CMS NH Penalties (sub-join of Deficiencies)
Source:CMS NH PenaltiesSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #11 (sub-join). Audit-pack export field for /deficiencies methodology-versioned customer exports.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
CMS Special Focus Facility (SFF) Program List
Source:CMS SFFSnapshot May 2026Sprint 1 LOCKED-7 #13. Drives the brand-hub `/special-focus-facilities` surface per master spec Page 10. Per-facility SFF status flag joins to Care Compare NH Provider Information via CCN.
Read source page →
Research / economic / workforce
Tier-1 federal aggregates — never attached to individual profiles.
- Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
HRSA Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSA)
Source:HRSA HPSASnapshot May 2026Tier-1 research-only context for /research pages discussing healthcare access. HRSA HPSA designations cover Primary Care + Dental + Mental Health only; they do NOT cover dermatology, chiropractic, or specialty care.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics (OEWS)
Source:BLS OEWSSnapshot May 2026Tier-1 research-only context for /research pages that discuss workforce supply, wage benchmarks, or per-capita density. OEWS data appears in study commentary and methodology footnotes — it does NOT attach to individual provider profiles.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
BEA Regional Economic Accounts
Source:BEA RegionalSnapshot May 2026Tier-1 research-only context for /research pages that discuss regional spending, healthcare-services GDP, or per-capita income. BEA data appears in study commentary — it does NOT attach to individual provider profiles.
Read source page → - Tier-1 · research-onlyResearch-only
U.S. Census Bureau — State Population Estimates (2024 vintage)
Source:US CensusSnapshot May 2026Per-capita denominators in research studies (e.g. 'X dermatologists per 100,000 residents'). Tier-1 — appears in study tables and methodology, never on individual provider profiles.
Read source page →
First-party research
Fonteum's own published research snapshots.
Restricted, paid, or no-go data sources.
Sources we considered and explicitly do not use, with the honest reason. Restricted-distribution data, paid licensing products, and unverifiable backfills do not enter the graph; their absence is a doctrine choice, not an oversight.
- NMLS Consumer AccessNot used
Nationwide Multistate Licensing System (Conference of State Bank Supervisors)
Mortgage / financial-services licensing portal. Per its terms, NMLS data is not available for bulk redistribution and the consumer-access portal is read-only. Fonteum does not display individual MLO records sourced from NMLS; mortgage-vertical profiles render only the operator-supplied data.
- State Bar associationsNot used
Per-state bar associations (CA, FL, TX, NY, IL, etc.)
Per-state attorney licensing data is restricted across most states (terms vary; many forbid redistribution or commercial display). Fonteum legal verticals do not render bar-membership status as a sourced field; users are routed to the relevant state bar's own lookup tool.
- ABMS / CertiFacts (board certification)Not used
American Board of Medical Specialties / CertiFacts
Board-certification lookup is a paid licensed product with restrictive redistribution terms. Fonteum does not display ABMS board-certification status as a sourced field. The §95 NPPES limitations sentence directs users to the relevant state medical board or the ABMS / AOA registries to confirm credentials directly.
- Google Places / Google Business Profile (backfill)Not used
Google
We do not use Google Places / GBP as a data backfill for provider directories. Where a study's universe needs to be expanded, we expand from federal/state public records (CMS NPPES, CMS Care Compare, state contractor boards). Padding the index with Places listings would import unverifiable claims and break the source-cited contract.
- /data-provenance → The provider graph — pipeline diagram, source-family clusters, field-level provenance examples, display rules.
- /methodology → Network-wide sourcing, refresh cadence, and corrections policy.
- /research → Tier-1 dated aggregates published from the source graph.
- /editorial-policy → Independence, sourcing, conflicts, corrections, retractions.
Compliance posture
We don’t sell ranking and don’t accept payment to move a provider up the list. For final hire decisions, verify licensing, insurance, and references directly with the applicable licensing or credentialing body.
No bulk-licensing source family is currently ingested for this vertical. Hire-time checking still routes through the body named above.