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FonteumPublic-records evidence

Data provenance · The data graph

provenance fields

The provider graph behind Fonteum.

Source-linked responses can expose a source, observation date, limitation, and display rule. Population varies by source and record; unavailable metadata stays explicitly absent.

Read the research →

The separately dated platform snapshot reports active source-registry rows as of August 11, 2026. Registry status does not establish loaded, complete, or current coverage. The serving-table ribbon below reports only counts returned by its own query and keeps unavailable values absent.

NPPESPECOSOIG LEIEOPEN PAYMENTS
Provenance register
v1.1
Last reviewed
2026-07-12
Serving counts checked
2026-08-12

The data graph · one second

Public records → cited fields, in five gated stages.

48 registered source pages are organized through five reproducibility stages into four public surface groups.

Sources

48 registered · grouped for display

Pipeline

5 reproducibility stages

  1. 01

    Source registry

    Authority, rights, cadence, limitations

  2. 02

    Ingestion run

    Dated execution · row count · errors

  3. 03

    Normalize

    Typed parsing · null preservation

  4. 04

    Source identifiers

    NPI, CCN, UEI, or source-native key

  5. 05

    Serving surface

    Source and observation metadata where available

  • 48

    Sources registered

  • 1,322,946

    Nurse-staffing records (CMS PBJ)

  • 69

    Research snapshots

  • 4

    Displayed source groups

Legend

  • Tier-2 · live
  • Tier-1 · research-only
  • Pending records request

Source nodes link to /sources · pipeline detail at seven-stage breakdown.

What is in the graph today

Serving counts checked 2026-08-12
  • 111integrated sourcesActive data_sources rows in the platform-stats snapshot as of August 11, 2026
  • 1,322,867nurse-staffing recordsCMS Payroll-Based Journal (PBJ) daily nurse-staffing records across Medicare-certified nursing homes
  • 93profile-enrichment sourcesActive Tier-2 profile-enrichment rows in the source registry
  • 65ingestion runsRecorded source-pipeline runs in the ingestion audit table
  • 9research snapshotsDated aggregate artifacts registered for research surfaces

These are serving-table counts observed when this ribbon was queried. They do not establish that an upstream source refreshed that day; source dates and limitations remain source-specific.

The pipeline, end to end

Seven stages from public source to served record.

Fonteum keeps source families separate through ingestion and serving. Public responses expose the source, observation date, and limitation fields that exist for that response; absent metadata stays absent.

  1. STAGE 01

    Public source

    An official, public-record dataset published by a federal or state agency: NPPES, CMS PECOS, CMS Care Compare, BLS, HRSA, US Census.

    data.cms.gov · npiregistry.cms.hhs.gov · hrsa.gov
  2. STAGE 02

    Source registry

    Each source page records its publisher, rights posture, expected cadence, limitations, and current serving status.

    data_sources · src/lib/brand/sources-registry.ts
  3. STAGE 03

    Ingestion run

    Tracked ingestion runs record a dated script execution plus its fetch method, record count, and run notes. Not every active source-registry row has a current run.

    ingestion_runs
  4. STAGE 04

    Normalize

    Source-specific parsers preserve published nulls, normalize documented fields, and record parse failures without inventing values.

    src/lib/sources/parsers/
  5. STAGE 05

    Source identifier

    Records retain the identifier supplied by the source—such as NPI, CCN, UEI, CAGE code, or a source-native record key—so consumers can reproduce the lookup.

    NPI · CCN · UEI/CAGE · source-native keys
  6. STAGE 06

    Source-specific serving table

    Normalized records remain in source-specific tables rather than being collapsed into an inferred cross-source record.

    cms_* · oig_* · sam_* · global_* tables
  7. STAGE 07

    Public response

    Provider, facility, enforcement, research, and export surfaces expose source and observation metadata when the underlying response supplies it.

    /providers · /data · /research · API/MCP

The pipeline lives in code. Source definitions at src/lib/brand/sources-registry.ts; source parsers at src/lib/sources/parsers/; ingestion and snapshot scripts at scripts/research/.

The graph, by source family

Three source clusters. One provenance contract.

We organize Fonteum by the public datasets that back it — not by a flat list of provider category pages. Every cluster ships with a registered source, an ingestion runner, and a published research asset.

Browse the full source library →

  • Cluster

    Healthcare graph

    Loaded NPPES and CMS PECOS records can link by NPI where both sources publish it. NPPES supplies enumeration fields; PECOS supplies Medicare enrollment fields where present.

    Source:CMS NPPESChecked Newest system date Jun 10, 2026Source:CMS PECOSChecked Source release Jun 18, 2026
    • NPI and taxonomy where present in the loaded NPPES record
    • Medicare fee-for-service enrollment fields where present
    • Provider identity and specialty-supply research from federal source records
    See the research hub →
  • Cluster

    Care graph

    CMS Care Compare publishes facility-quality data for nursing homes, home health, hospice, and dialysis. Four research artifacts live across the supported modules.

    Source:CMS Care CompareSnapshot Source release May 7, 2026
    • CMS overall star ratings (1.0–5.0) where CMS publishes them
    • 4 research snapshots: nursing-home, dialysis, home-health, hospice
    • Home-health availability and quality records with source limitations
    See the Care Compare research →
  • Cluster

    Research graph

    BLS OEWS, BEA Regional, HRSA HPSA, and US Census state population. Tier-1 research-only sources that add employment, income, shortage-area, and per-capita context.

    Source:BLS OEWSSnapshot May 2026Source:HRSA HPSASnapshot May 2026Source:US CensusSnapshot May 2026
    • Per-capita density, wage context, shortage-area context
    • Cited inside every Sprint-1 study and the Care Compare snapshots
    • Never attached to individual provider profiles
    Browse the research hub →
Field-level provenance

Three source-linked examples.

Each card shows the field as it would render on the relevant Fonteum surface, sourced verbatim from the public dataset, with the “what it means” and “what it does not mean” framing CMS itself documents.

  • Healthcare graph

    National Provider Identifier

    1447884929
    What it means. CMS issued this 10-digit NPI to a dermatology practice in Phoenix, AZ in 2020 under the MOHS-Micrographic Surgery taxonomy. The NPI is the federal HIPAA identifier used on every Medicare claim and most commercial insurance claims.
    What it does not mean. The NPI is an identifier, not a quality endorsement. It does not certify board status, active clinical practice, malpractice history, or current patient acceptance. Fonteum does not independently rate, inspect, verify, endorse, or guarantee the provider.
    field_key: npi
  • Healthcare graph

    Medicare-billing-active

    Yes — active in PECOS
    What it means. CMS PECOS publishes a monthly snapshot of providers actively enrolled in Medicare fee-for-service. A provider listed here is currently authorized to bill Medicare for the specialty + state on the row.
    What it does not mean. PECOS-active does not measure quality, panel size, or wait times. Providers can be high-quality and not enrolled in Medicare. Providers can be enrolled in Medicare and have a temporarily-suspended billing status that the snapshot doesn't reflect.
    field_key: pecos_enrollment_active
  • Care graph

    CMS overall star rating (nursing-home example)

    3.4 ★ avg (Arkansas) — published by CMS
    What it means. CMS publishes a 1-5 overall star rating per Medicare/Medicaid-certified nursing home, built from health-inspection + staffing + quality-measure components per the CMS technical methodology. State means are descriptive of the publishing snapshot.
    What it does not mean. Rating differences between facilities can reflect measurement variation as much as quality variation. The rating is one signal — it does not substitute for clinical judgment, family-care decisions, or in-person evaluation. State-level aggregates never attach to individual facility profiles on Fonteum.
    field_key: cms_overall_star_rating
Display rules

When a field is in the database but not on the page.

A parsed value does not automatically become a customer-facing claim. Four rules govern which fields render, where they render, and what context accompanies them.

  1. Rule 1

    Why don't BLS / BEA / HRSA / Census numbers appear on individual provider profiles?

    Aggregate datasets (BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics, BEA Regional Income, HRSA Health Professional Shortage Areas, US Census state population) describe markets, not individuals. Attaching a state-mean wage figure to one practitioner would imply an individual signal the data doesn't carry. They render only on /research aggregate pages.

    How it's enforcedSource-pack manifest tier='tier1-research-only' + the data:bls-bea-not-in-profile-components launch gate.
  2. Rule 2

    Why does Fonteum prefer source-native identifiers?

    An NPI, CCN, UEI, CAGE code, or source-native record key gives consumers a reproducible way to locate the upstream record. When a deterministic identifier bridge is unavailable, Fonteum labels the limitation instead of presenting a name-only inference as certain.

    How it's enforcedSource-specific parsers and API contracts retain published identifiers; response metadata can be null when no reproducible bridge exists.
  3. Rule 3

    Why are some published fields absent from customer-facing pages?

    A value's presence in a federal file does not make every presentation accurate or useful. High-risk enforcement and quality fields require source-specific context, dated limitations, and an approved rendering before they appear on a customer-facing page.

    How it's enforcedSource registry status, typed response schemas, page-level methodology, and customer-facing claim tests form the display boundary.
  4. Rule 4

    Why do we show "missing" or "unknown" instead of a best guess?

    If the source dataset doesn't carry a value, we don't infer one. CMS NPPES doesn't publish a phone number for every NPI. CMS Care Compare leaves 35.8% of home-health agencies unrated. CMS Hospice General Information has no overall star rating. In every case the public surface shows the explicit absence — not a model-imputed guess — and the methodology page documents why.

    How it's enforcedManifest field-level rules + per-page methodology disclaimers + the 'unrated ≠ low-quality' doctrine sentence in every CMS-cited UI.
Source classes

Three classes the dataset can fall into.

These three classes describe the source and rights model used where a field has registered provenance metadata. Not every public field has a populated class, date, or attribution value.

  • PUBLIC_RECORD

    Public record (federal / state)

    Federal and state public-record datasets can fall in this class when their source terms and display rules permit it. Rights and attribution remain source-specific.

    Examples: CMS NPPES NPI registry, CMS PECOS Medicare enrollment, CMS Care Compare star ratings, CMS Nursing Home deficiency citations, OIG LEIE exclusions.

  • RESEARCH_AGGREGATE

    Research aggregate (Tier-1)

    Sourced from federal aggregate datasets that describe markets, not individuals. Renders only on /research surfaces — never attached to per-provider profiles.

    Examples: BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics (OEWS), BLS QCEW, BEA Regional, HRSA HPSA, US Census state population.

  • OWNED

    Owned by Fonteum

    Generated or assigned by Fonteum's own systems. Full rights to store and display indefinitely.

    Examples: Record identifiers, slugs, snapshot timestamps, methodology-version tags.

01 · Identity

Provider and facility records use source-published identifiers such as NPI, CCN, and PAC ID where those identifiers are available; coverage differs by source.

FieldSourceRetentionObserved serving date
NPICMS NPPESStored serving row; history variesSystem date 2026-06-10
CCN (CMS Certification Number)CMS Care CompareStored serving row; history variesSource date 2026-05-07
PAC IDCMS PECOSStored serving row; history variesSource date 2026-06-18
02 · Provider attributes

Per-provider descriptive fields can expose source, observation-date, and limitation metadata when the serving response supplies it; metadata can be unavailable.

FieldSourceRetentionObserved serving date
Taxonomy codeCMS NPPESStored serving row; history variesSystem date 2026-06-10
Medicare enrollmentCMS PECOSStored serving row; history variesSource date 2026-06-18
MIPS scoreCMS QPPStored when presentNot included in July 12 freshness query
03 · Facility quality

CMS-published quality signals for Medicare-certified facilities. Fonteum republishes the CMS value with attribution; it does not independently rate.

FieldSourceRetentionObserved serving date
Overall star ratingCMS Care CompareStored serving row; history variesSource date 2026-05-07 for checked modules
Deficiency citationsCMS Nursing Home Deficiency fileStored serving row; history variesNot included in July 12 freshness query
04 · Exclusion status

Federal program-exclusion records. Surfaced as a sourced compliance flag, never as a Fonteum judgement about a provider.

FieldSourceRetentionObserved serving date
Exclusion flagOIG LEIEStored serving row; history variesSource date 2026-05-08
Exclusion typeOIG LEIEStored serving row; history variesSource date 2026-05-08
Statutory authorityOIG LEIEStored serving row; history variesSource date 2026-05-08
What Fonteum does NOT claim

We cite source-backed facts. We do not pay-to-rank, issue trust badges, invent ratings, award providers, or claim license credentials we cannot trace.

The boundary described in the homepage “What Fonteum does NOT claim” block applies here: Fonteum does not independently rate, inspect, verify, endorse, or guarantee any provider. Supported responses cite CMS, NPPES, OIG LEIE, and other public-record sources where linked source metadata is populated.

See also
  • Sources → The generated source-catalog subset — documented entries with tier, publisher cadence, fields used where specified, and limitations.
  • Methodology → Documented sourcing, publisher cadence, observed freshness, and corrections policy.
  • Home Health methodology → The source-specific ingestion methodology for CMS Care Compare home-health data.
  • Research → Tier-1 dated aggregates published from the source graph.
  • Editorial policy → Independence, sourcing, conflicts, corrections, retractions.
  • Corrections log → The log dates accepted corrections and names the documented cause.
  • Data & press kit → Cite our data, request a custom export, or reach press.

What’s on file, by the numbers

Platform snapshot · 2026-08-11

13.4Mproviders & companiesProviders, organizations, owners, and facilities on file
26.2Msource-linked factsSource-linked field facts in the dated platform snapshot
90sources with dataDistinct snapshot source IDs with at least one positive record count
73fresh sourcesDistinct source IDs whose latest positive-data snapshot falls within the preceding 45 days
111sources integratedActive registry rows; integration does not establish a load
13state Medicaid jurisdictionsDistinct states represented in the state-exclusions serving table

Integrated, with-data, and fresh-observation counts are separate. No platform-wide source-completeness count is published. Completeness is source-specific and must be evaluated against the named source's expected scope. State coverage is a separate jurisdiction measure.

Source authority is record-specific

Use the issuer named on the record.

Fonteum spans federal, state, and global public publishers. A source page or returned record identifies its issuer and dataset where that metadata is available. A platform registry count does not assign every page to one authority or establish loaded, fresh, or complete coverage.

Browse source records and their stated limitations →

Reproducible by design

Inspect the evidence each published figure actually supplies.

Source and date

Research pages expose the named public file and observation date where those fields are available. Source-file SHA-256 coverage is separate; facts do not currently link deterministically to signatures.

Available derivation

Studies with a retained release and committed derivation link the SQL or method used. Other studies state the evidence and reproduction limits they actually have.

Daily observations

Dated table row-count observations can detect local drift. They do not imply that an upstream publisher released or Fonteum ingested new data that day.

Named medical review

Reviewed by Jennifer Montecillo, MD, medical reviewer. Non-practicing medical reviewer.

Read the full provenance and attestation methodology →

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