{
  "_source_nppes": "U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services NPI Registry (NPPES) — public API",
  "_source_population": "U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, 2024 Vintage (V2024)",
  "_specialty": "Ophthalmology",
  "_specialty_slug": "ophthalmologist-supply-by-state-2026",
  "_release_date": "2026-05-06",
  "_taxonomies": [
    "207W00000X"
  ],
  "_underserved_threshold_per_100k": 5,
  "_underserved_definition": "States below the stated threshold of 5 ophthalmologists per 100,000 residents in the active NPPES dataset. Stated baseline cutoff aligned with American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) and CDC Vision Health Initiative workforce literature, which places national-average ophthalmologist density around 5–6 per 100,000 with bottom-quartile states below 4. We use 5 / 100k as the underserved cutoff. Stated explicitly here; not a clinical or regulatory definition.",
  "_summary": {
    "total_active_providers": 24811,
    "national_per_100k": 7.29,
    "jurisdictions": 51,
    "underserved_count": 5,
    "underserved_population": 15869333,
    "highest_density": {
      "code": "DC",
      "name": "District of Columbia",
      "per_100k": 13.53,
      "count": 95
    },
    "lowest_density": {
      "code": "WY",
      "name": "Wyoming",
      "per_100k": 2.72,
      "count": 16
    }
  },
  "rows": [
    {
      "code": "AK",
      "name": "Alaska",
      "count": 40,
      "pop": 740133,
      "per_100k": 5.404434067931033,
      "rank_density": 43,
      "rank_count": 50,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "AL",
      "name": "Alabama",
      "count": 259,
      "pop": 5157699,
      "per_100k": 5.021619136750711,
      "rank_density": 46,
      "rank_count": 28,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "AR",
      "name": "Arkansas",
      "count": 151,
      "pop": 3088354,
      "per_100k": 4.889335872765881,
      "rank_density": 48,
      "rank_count": 35,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": true
    },
    {
      "code": "AZ",
      "name": "Arizona",
      "count": 413,
      "pop": 7582384,
      "per_100k": 5.446835718159355,
      "rank_density": 42,
      "rank_count": 20,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "CA",
      "name": "California",
      "count": 3197,
      "pop": 39431263,
      "per_100k": 8.107779859853842,
      "rank_density": 12,
      "rank_count": 1,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "CO",
      "name": "Colorado",
      "count": 449,
      "pop": 5957493,
      "per_100k": 7.536727277732429,
      "rank_density": 18,
      "rank_count": 18,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "CT",
      "name": "Connecticut",
      "count": 372,
      "pop": 3675069,
      "per_100k": 10.122258929016025,
      "rank_density": 4,
      "rank_count": 22,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "DC",
      "name": "District of Columbia",
      "count": 95,
      "pop": 702250,
      "per_100k": 13.527945888216447,
      "rank_density": 1,
      "rank_count": 42,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "DE",
      "name": "Delaware",
      "count": 67,
      "pop": 1051917,
      "per_100k": 6.369323815472133,
      "rank_density": 30,
      "rank_count": 45,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "FL",
      "name": "Florida",
      "count": 1776,
      "pop": 23372215,
      "per_100k": 7.598766312906158,
      "rank_density": 17,
      "rank_count": 3,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "GA",
      "name": "Georgia",
      "count": 596,
      "pop": 11180878,
      "per_100k": 5.330529498667278,
      "rank_density": 44,
      "rank_count": 14,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "HI",
      "name": "Hawaii",
      "count": 139,
      "pop": 1446146,
      "per_100k": 9.611754276539159,
      "rank_density": 6,
      "rank_count": 36,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "IA",
      "name": "Iowa",
      "count": 234,
      "pop": 3241488,
      "per_100k": 7.218906872399343,
      "rank_density": 22,
      "rank_count": 30,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "ID",
      "name": "Idaho",
      "count": 86,
      "pop": 2001619,
      "per_100k": 4.296521965468953,
      "rank_density": 50,
      "rank_count": 44,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": true
    },
    {
      "code": "IL",
      "name": "Illinois",
      "count": 1000,
      "pop": 12710158,
      "per_100k": 7.867722808795925,
      "rank_density": 15,
      "rank_count": 6,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "IN",
      "name": "Indiana",
      "count": 341,
      "pop": 6924275,
      "per_100k": 4.924703308288594,
      "rank_density": 47,
      "rank_count": 26,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": true
    },
    {
      "code": "KS",
      "name": "Kansas",
      "count": 180,
      "pop": 2970606,
      "per_100k": 6.059369704363352,
      "rank_density": 33,
      "rank_count": 32,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "KY",
      "name": "Kentucky",
      "count": 280,
      "pop": 4588372,
      "per_100k": 6.102382282866341,
      "rank_density": 32,
      "rank_count": 27,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "LA",
      "name": "Louisiana",
      "count": 345,
      "pop": 4597740,
      "per_100k": 7.503686593848282,
      "rank_density": 20,
      "rank_count": 25,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "MA",
      "name": "Massachusetts",
      "count": 826,
      "pop": 7136171,
      "per_100k": 11.574834739806544,
      "rank_density": 2,
      "rank_count": 9,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "MD",
      "name": "Maryland",
      "count": 648,
      "pop": 6263220,
      "per_100k": 10.346115895657505,
      "rank_density": 3,
      "rank_count": 12,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "ME",
      "name": "Maine",
      "count": 108,
      "pop": 1405012,
      "per_100k": 7.68676708811028,
      "rank_density": 16,
      "rank_count": 40,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "MI",
      "name": "Michigan",
      "count": 855,
      "pop": 10140459,
      "per_100k": 8.431570996934163,
      "rank_density": 10,
      "rank_count": 7,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "MN",
      "name": "Minnesota",
      "count": 466,
      "pop": 5793151,
      "per_100k": 8.04398159136539,
      "rank_density": 13,
      "rank_count": 17,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "MO",
      "name": "Missouri",
      "count": 372,
      "pop": 6245466,
      "per_100k": 5.956320953472487,
      "rank_density": 37,
      "rank_count": 23,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "MS",
      "name": "Mississippi",
      "count": 169,
      "pop": 2943045,
      "per_100k": 5.742351883848191,
      "rank_density": 40,
      "rank_count": 33,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "MT",
      "name": "Montana",
      "count": 67,
      "pop": 1137233,
      "per_100k": 5.891492772369427,
      "rank_density": 38,
      "rank_count": 46,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "NC",
      "name": "North Carolina",
      "count": 728,
      "pop": 11046024,
      "per_100k": 6.590606719666733,
      "rank_density": 27,
      "rank_count": 10,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "ND",
      "name": "North Dakota",
      "count": 48,
      "pop": 796568,
      "per_100k": 6.025850900362555,
      "rank_density": 34,
      "rank_count": 49,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "NE",
      "name": "Nebraska",
      "count": 120,
      "pop": 2005465,
      "per_100k": 5.983649677256896,
      "rank_density": 35,
      "rank_count": 37,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "NH",
      "name": "New Hampshire",
      "count": 106,
      "pop": 1409032,
      "per_100k": 7.522895150713398,
      "rank_density": 19,
      "rank_count": 41,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "NJ",
      "name": "New Jersey",
      "count": 679,
      "pop": 9500851,
      "per_100k": 7.146728224661137,
      "rank_density": 23,
      "rank_count": 11,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "NM",
      "name": "New Mexico",
      "count": 113,
      "pop": 2130256,
      "per_100k": 5.304526779879977,
      "rank_density": 45,
      "rank_count": 38,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "NV",
      "name": "Nevada",
      "count": 159,
      "pop": 3267467,
      "per_100k": 4.866154730866448,
      "rank_density": 49,
      "rank_count": 34,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": true
    },
    {
      "code": "NY",
      "name": "New York",
      "count": 1955,
      "pop": 19867248,
      "per_100k": 9.840316082026057,
      "rank_density": 5,
      "rank_count": 2,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "OH",
      "name": "Ohio",
      "count": 845,
      "pop": 11883304,
      "per_100k": 7.110816991638016,
      "rank_density": 24,
      "rank_count": 8,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "OK",
      "name": "Oklahoma",
      "count": 245,
      "pop": 4095393,
      "per_100k": 5.982331854354393,
      "rank_density": 36,
      "rank_count": 29,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "OR",
      "name": "Oregon",
      "count": 406,
      "pop": 4272371,
      "per_100k": 9.502920041354086,
      "rank_density": 7,
      "rank_count": 21,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "PA",
      "name": "Pennsylvania",
      "count": 1160,
      "pop": 13078751,
      "per_100k": 8.869348456897757,
      "rank_density": 8,
      "rank_count": 5,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "RI",
      "name": "Rhode Island",
      "count": 93,
      "pop": 1112308,
      "per_100k": 8.360993537761123,
      "rank_density": 11,
      "rank_count": 43,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "SC",
      "name": "South Carolina",
      "count": 354,
      "pop": 5478831,
      "per_100k": 6.461232332225616,
      "rank_density": 28,
      "rank_count": 24,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "SD",
      "name": "South Dakota",
      "count": 62,
      "pop": 924669,
      "per_100k": 6.705102041919866,
      "rank_density": 26,
      "rank_count": 47,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "TN",
      "name": "Tennessee",
      "count": 422,
      "pop": 7227750,
      "per_100k": 5.838608142229601,
      "rank_density": 39,
      "rank_count": 19,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "TX",
      "name": "Texas",
      "count": 1707,
      "pop": 31290831,
      "per_100k": 5.45527218500525,
      "rank_density": 41,
      "rank_count": 4,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "UT",
      "name": "Utah",
      "count": 225,
      "pop": 3503613,
      "per_100k": 6.4219421494326,
      "rank_density": 29,
      "rank_count": 31,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "VA",
      "name": "Virginia",
      "count": 647,
      "pop": 8811195,
      "per_100k": 7.342931350401393,
      "rank_density": 21,
      "rank_count": 13,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "VT",
      "name": "Vermont",
      "count": 57,
      "pop": 648493,
      "per_100k": 8.789609139959875,
      "rank_density": 9,
      "rank_count": 48,
      "quartile": 1,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "WA",
      "name": "Washington",
      "count": 552,
      "pop": 7958180,
      "per_100k": 6.936259295467054,
      "rank_density": 25,
      "rank_count": 15,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "WI",
      "name": "Wisconsin",
      "count": 472,
      "pop": 5960975,
      "per_100k": 7.918167749403411,
      "rank_density": 14,
      "rank_count": 16,
      "quartile": 2,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "WV",
      "name": "West Virginia",
      "count": 109,
      "pop": 1769979,
      "per_100k": 6.158265154558331,
      "rank_density": 31,
      "rank_count": 39,
      "quartile": 3,
      "underserved": false
    },
    {
      "code": "WY",
      "name": "Wyoming",
      "count": 16,
      "pop": 587618,
      "per_100k": 2.7228573665204268,
      "rank_density": 51,
      "rank_count": 51,
      "quartile": 4,
      "underserved": true
    }
  ]
}