{ "schema_version": 2, "methodology_version": "federal-award-concentration/v2", "generated_at": "2026-07-11", "answer": "In the current FY2026 USAspending award-transaction table, 93,265 recipients have positive net obligations. The top 10 capture 23.98% of positive dollars, the top 100 capture 59.15%, and the top 1% capture 83.44%. HHI is 101.73, but Gini is 0.97, showing a very unequal recipient distribution.", "source": { "name": "USAspending.gov Federal Award Transactions", "publisher": "U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Fiscal Service", "source_url": "https://www.usaspending.gov/download_center/award_data_archive", "table": "public.usaspending_award_transactions", "license": "U.S. Government Works (public domain)", "as_of": "2026-06-05" }, "set_aside_source": { "name": "USAspending.gov Prime Award Records with set-aside type", "table": "public.procurement_awards", "note": "The full transaction table does not expose set_aside_type. Set-aside rows are therefore computed from the contract-focused procurement_awards table and are labelled as a separate contract-only slice." }, "scope": { "as_of": "2026-06-05", "obligation_field": "federal_action_obligation", "grain": "award transaction", "universe": "current rows where valid_to is null" }, "method": { "concentration": "Recipient concentration is computed from positive net recipient obligations only. Totals still report net federal_action_obligation, including de-obligations. The top-1% bucket is ceil(positive recipients * 0.01).", "hhi": "HHI is 10,000 times the sum of squared recipient shares within the segment, using positive net recipient obligations. A value below 1,500 is commonly considered low concentration.", "gini": "Gini is a Lorenz-style inequality coefficient over positive net recipient obligations, sorted from smallest to largest recipient total. It ranges from 0 for equal distribution to 1 for maximum inequality.", "set_aside": "Set-aside status is computed from public.procurement_awards.set_aside_type. Current Fonteum SBA certification rows are not populated, so confirmed SBA-certified recipient matches are reported as 0 and caveated as unavailable, not as evidence that no recipient is small." }, "totals": { "transactions": 3899789, "distinct_recipients": 132957, "total_obligation": 1361097067507.14, "min_action_date": "2025-10-01", "max_action_date": "2026-06-05" }, "by_year": [ { "fiscal_year": 2026, "transactions": 3899789, "distinct_recipients": 132957, "obligation": 1361097067507.14 } ], "concentration": { "segment": "all_recipients", "recipients": 93265, "obligation": 1370425032999.2, "top10_share_pct": 23.98, "top100_share_pct": 59.15, "top1pct_share_pct": 83.44, "top1pct_recipient_count": 933, "hhi": 101.73, "gini": 0.97 }, "top_recipients": [ { "rank": 1, "recipient_name": "HEALTH CARE SERVICES, CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF", "recipient_uei": "JE73CDQUAPA7", "transactions": 67, "obligation": 83268305280.77, "share_pct": 6.08 }, { "rank": 2, "recipient_name": "NYS DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH", "recipient_uei": "F863WQVMZSK7", "transactions": 210, "obligation": 55805901636.13, "share_pct": 4.07 }, { "rank": 3, "recipient_name": "HEALTH & HUMAN SVC COMMN TX", "recipient_uei": "G6JLG3FANUA9", "transactions": 180, "obligation": 35616827054.23, "share_pct": 2.6 }, { "rank": 4, "recipient_name": "PA DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES", "recipient_uei": "FYVAZVJGDFA4", "transactions": 169, "obligation": 30398355338.19, "share_pct": 2.22 }, { "rank": 5, "recipient_name": "NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES", "recipient_uei": "DKT3LLBWFVL3", "transactions": 588, "obligation": 24151186106.61, "share_pct": 1.76 }, { "rank": 6, "recipient_name": "OHIO DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAID", "recipient_uei": "HFRCKLH34V17", "transactions": 30, "obligation": 22106614940, "share_pct": 1.61 }, { "rank": 7, "recipient_name": "DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL & HEALTH SERVICES", "recipient_uei": "SEYQXMXJLUP5", "transactions": 122, "obligation": 22030941820.88, "share_pct": 1.61 }, { "rank": 8, "recipient_name": "MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES", "recipient_uei": "C2AQVDYYUAS7", "transactions": 449, "obligation": 20361900993.44, "share_pct": 1.49 }, { "rank": 9, "recipient_name": "ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF HEALTHCARE & FAMILY SERVICES", "recipient_uei": "UF4TC1RLR6K7", "transactions": 57, "obligation": 18251801454.21, "share_pct": 1.33 }, { "rank": 10, "recipient_name": "VA DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL ASSISTANCE SERVICE", "recipient_uei": "V3KPBX5HSYG5", "transactions": 25, "obligation": 16625556659.14, "share_pct": 1.21 } ], "by_agency": [ { "agency": "Department of Health and Human Services", "transactions": 140296, "recipients": 7798, "obligation": 677735221589.09, "top10_share_pct": 46.19, "top100_share_pct": 91.3, "hhi": 363.22 }, { "agency": "Department of Defense", "transactions": 1738785, "recipients": 22729, "obligation": 172751256625.37, "top10_share_pct": 21.8, "top100_share_pct": 56.55, "hhi": 73.51 }, { "agency": "Department of Agriculture", "transactions": 44096, "recipients": 7836, "obligation": 105628671258.54, "top10_share_pct": 38.17, "top100_share_pct": 88.49, "hhi": 240.04 }, { "agency": "Department of Homeland Security", "transactions": 63053, "recipients": 3788, "obligation": 64129458121.43, "top10_share_pct": 48.33, "top100_share_pct": 87.18, "hhi": 503.15 }, { "agency": "Department of Housing and Urban Development", "transactions": 107641, "recipients": 23409, "obligation": 62721837475.02, "top10_share_pct": 16.24, "top100_share_pct": 43.06, "hhi": 59.13 }, { "agency": "Department of Transportation", "transactions": 100627, "recipients": 3323, "obligation": 61227925082.19, "top10_share_pct": 40, "top100_share_pct": 84.14, "hhi": 237.36 }, { "agency": "Department of Education", "transactions": 357084, "recipients": 6315, "obligation": 54380639985.46, "top10_share_pct": 22.74, "top100_share_pct": 54.35, "hhi": 82.43 }, { "agency": "Department of Veterans Affairs", "transactions": 69643, "recipients": 7703, "obligation": 44837726119.07, "top10_share_pct": 63.31, "top100_share_pct": 80.72, "hhi": 712.13 }, { "agency": "Department of Energy", "transactions": 8616, "recipients": 1205, "obligation": 44565797162.81, "top10_share_pct": 60.89, "top100_share_pct": 97.51, "hhi": 484.67 }, { "agency": "General Services Administration", "transactions": 815550, "recipients": 2260, "obligation": 15732276772.05, "top10_share_pct": 38.52, "top100_share_pct": 80.21, "hhi": 214.5 }, { "agency": "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "transactions": 15175, "recipients": 1531, "obligation": 11703612528.06, "top10_share_pct": 46.57, "top100_share_pct": 86.83, "hhi": 326.52 }, { "agency": "Department of State", "transactions": 23087, "recipients": 2459, "obligation": 9851699167.09, "top10_share_pct": 58.06, "top100_share_pct": 87.19, "hhi": 786.36 } ], "by_naics": [ { "naics_code": "236220", "transactions": 15786, "recipients": 1914, "obligation": 33803958835.44, "top10_share_pct": 74.52, "top100_share_pct": 90.75, "hhi": 1588.25 }, { "naics_code": "561210", "transactions": 14766, "recipients": 1109, "obligation": 27989409205.02, "top10_share_pct": 79.6, "top100_share_pct": 94.5, "hhi": 922.64 }, { "naics_code": "336411", "transactions": 4820, "recipients": 413, "obligation": 26468076783.03, "top10_share_pct": 89.47, "top100_share_pct": 99.93, "hhi": 1263.74 }, { "naics_code": "541330", "transactions": 26528, "recipients": 2046, "obligation": 20483375745.4, "top10_share_pct": 30.92, "top100_share_pct": 67.46, "hhi": 212.5 }, { "naics_code": "524114", "transactions": 1079, "recipients": 93, "obligation": 19978342162.13, "top10_share_pct": 95.93, "top100_share_pct": 100, "hhi": 3087.69 }, { "naics_code": "541715", "transactions": 21643, "recipients": 3759, "obligation": 19461454308.15, "top10_share_pct": 48.12, "top100_share_pct": 80.78, "hhi": 481.53 }, { "naics_code": "541512", "transactions": 15646, "recipients": 976, "obligation": 14766578712.64, "top10_share_pct": 50.68, "top100_share_pct": 85.23, "hhi": 341.06 }, { "naics_code": "325412", "transactions": 10463, "recipients": 220, "obligation": 12011807140.29, "top10_share_pct": 96.79, "top100_share_pct": 99.94, "hhi": 5113.98 }, { "naics_code": "336414", "transactions": 1138, "recipients": 55, "obligation": 11486494276.64, "top10_share_pct": 89.8, "top100_share_pct": 100, "hhi": 1512.25 }, { "naics_code": "336611", "transactions": 8335, "recipients": 713, "obligation": 11223569004.93, "top10_share_pct": 78.2, "top100_share_pct": 97.99, "hhi": 811.21 }, { "naics_code": "541519", "transactions": 25403, "recipients": 1659, "obligation": 10113251366.26, "top10_share_pct": 29.83, "top100_share_pct": 70.75, "hhi": 133.85 }, { "naics_code": "621111", "transactions": 1633, "recipients": 407, "obligation": 7824495644.75, "top10_share_pct": 97.29, "top100_share_pct": 99.63, "hhi": 2347.9 } ], "by_set_aside": [ { "set_aside_status": "not_set_aside_or_unspecified", "award_records": 16349, "recipients": 442, "obligation": 616305815494.79, "share_pct": 99.96, "confirmed_sba_certified_recipients": 0, "confirmed_sba_certified_obligation": 0 }, { "set_aside_status": "set_aside", "award_records": 430, "recipients": 11, "obligation": 224190465.13, "share_pct": 0.04, "confirmed_sba_certified_recipients": 0, "confirmed_sba_certified_obligation": 0 } ], "set_aside_types": [ { "set_aside_type": "NO SET ASIDE USED.", "award_records": 480, "recipients": 49, "obligation": 404716193454.17 }, { "set_aside_type": "(not reported)", "award_records": 15869, "recipients": 399, "obligation": 211589622040.62 }, { "set_aside_type": "SERVICE DISABLED VETERAN OWNED SMALL BUSINESS SET-ASIDE", "award_records": 108, "recipients": 3, "obligation": 110401465.14 }, { "set_aside_type": "SMALL BUSINESS SET ASIDE - TOTAL", "award_records": 253, "recipients": 10, "obligation": 75798691.05 }, { "set_aside_type": "HUBZONE SET-ASIDE", "award_records": 65, "recipients": 1, "obligation": 36391865.2 }, { "set_aside_type": "SDVOSB SOLE SOURCE", "award_records": 3, "recipients": 1, "obligation": 1572645.74 }, { "set_aside_type": "SMALL BUSINESS SET ASIDE - PARTIAL", "award_records": 1, "recipients": 1, "obligation": 25798 } ], "limitations": [ "federal_action_obligation is net and includes de-obligations.", "The concentration denominator uses positive net recipient obligations, because negative recipient totals are de-obligation artifacts and do not represent dollars captured.", "The public.usaspending_award_transactions projection does not expose set_aside_type, so set-aside status is computed from public.procurement_awards and reported as a separate contract-only slice.", "The current procurement_sba_certifications table has no current rows; confirmed SBA-certified matches are therefore unavailable in this snapshot, not evidence that no recipient is small.", "Recipient names are shown as published by USAspending.gov.", "The snapshot reports aggregate public award records and does not produce a person-level report, consumer report, or derived risk signal." ] }